Evgenii B. Rudnyi
| Home | Teaching | Programming | Publications |
Evgenii B. Rudnyi, 2005, http://Evgenii.Rudnyi.Ru.
I have been working for quite awhile with the treatment of experimental results in chemical thermodynamics. I have tried to organize my archives and make them available for others. There are several experimental datasets in computer readable format and I hope that they can be used as useful benchmarks for data fitting and nonlinear optimization. Experimental values have been collected from original research papers describing experimental results. All case studies are reasonably well documented in my papers. As such, the goal of the current document is to collect related information together.
The problem is essentially usual data fitting. There are some observations and the goal is to find a set of unknown parameters for some phenomenological model. For example, parameter estimates can be found by minimizing the sum of squared residuals and this leads to a nonlinear optimization problem.
Chemical thermodynamics adds several interesting features. In chemical thermodynamics, parameterization is done at the level of the master function (the Gibbs energy) yet experimentally measured quantities are not related to it directly. Instead there are two different classes of experiments. First one can measure thermodynamics properties, that can be expressed as the first or second derivatives of the Gibbs energy. Second one can measure phase equilibria (phase diagrams) that can be expressed by equating chemical potentials (a system of nonlinear equations). As a result:
More information:
Experimental values are written in a plain ASCII file in the free format. White space is recognized as a delimiter. The file consists from experiments separated by semicolon. Each experiment comprises following fields separated by commas
experiment_ID,
equation_ID,
variables_names,
point1,
point2,
...;
experiment_ID is the experiment name and
equation_ID is the equation name to treat the experimental
points. The reference to the original work as well as the meaning of
equation_ID can be found in the corresponding paper. The same
equation_ID can be used for several experiments.
variables_names are two or more identifiers separated by space.
The number of names in variables_names is equal to number of
numerical values in the experimental point. Usually the first name means what
has been measured and the second name what has been controlled.
point1 contain numerical values separated by space. The number
of numerical values is equal to the number of words in
variables_names.
Information written after the first word in experiment_ID and
equation_ID is considered to be a comment. The information in
pointN after the number of numerical values equal to that in
variables_names is also considered to be a comment.
Not all experiments and experimental points from the file have been taken
into consideration. Symbol * before experiment_ID shows that
this experiment has been discarded. Symbol * before pointN shows
that this experimental point has been discarded.
In the vapors of KCl, there are monomer and dimer molecules. Total vapor pressure, Knudsen effusion and transpiration methods have been used to determine experimentally thermodynamics of the KCl vaporization. The measured values are tied with the enthalpies and entropies of two independent vaporization reactions. The thermodynamic model as well as available experimental results are described in Ref [4] ([5] is an extended version of [4] in English). The discussion of the data treatment is also included in [3].
The dataset kcl.dat (varcomp.tar.gz) includes 460 experimental points measured in 29 different experiments from 25 research papers. The file kcltotal.dat (kcl.tar.gz) (in slightly different format) also includes results from 8 additional works that has been discarded by us at the preliminary stage (see [4] or [5]).
The Ba-Cu phase diagram includes melt and two intermetallic phases. The Gibbs energies of the phases have been parametrized and unknowns have been found by joint processing of heterogenous experimental results: the heat of mixing, the heat of formation and points from the phase diagram. The thermodynamic model and experimental results are described in [2] and [6].
The dataset bacu.dat (varcomp.tar.gz) includes 178 experimental points measured in 18 different experiments from 5 research papers.
The Cu-Y phase diagram includes melt and five intermetallic phases. The Gibbs energies of the phases have been parametrized and unknowns have been found by joint processing of heterogenous experimental results: the heat of mixing, the heat of formation and points from the phase diagram. The thermodynamic model and experimental results are described in [2] and [7].
The dataset cuy.dat (varcomp.tar.gz) includes 185 experimental points measured in 35 different experiments from 12 research papers.
There are four calcium aluminates. Their enthalpy of formation and entropies have been determined during simultaneous processing of the calorimetry and electrochemistry experimental values. The thermodynamic model and experimental results are described in [8].
The dataset emf.dat varcomp.tar.gz includes 165 experimental points measured in 21 different experiments from 8 research papers.
The YBa2Cu3O6+z phase (Y123) is the first high temperature superconductor. Note that the term "high temperature" is always relative. After the discovery of superconductive properties of Y123, there was a lot of research around the world. The model for the Gibbs energy has been suggested by Voronin and Degterov. Note that the Gibbs energy by itself cannot be computed analytically and it is necessary to solve a small numerical problem to compute G(T, p, z) each time. The thermodynamic model and experimental results are described in [9].
The dataset all.dat varcomp.tar.gz includes 2109 experimental points measured in 179 different experiments from 57 research papers.
[1]E. B. Rudnyi.
Computational Thermodynamics Library, TDLIB'00, 2000.
Documentation, Code.
[2]E. B. Rudnyi.
Statistical model of systematic errors: An assessment of the Ba-Cu
and Cu-Y phase diagram.
Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 1997, v. 36, p. 213-227.
Preprint, final paper at ScienceDirect, data and code in varcomp, for Ba-Cu also in tdlib.
[3]E.B. Rudnyi.
Statistical model of systematic errors: linear error model.
Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 1996, V. 34, N 1, p. 41-54.
Preprint, final paper at ScienceDirect, data and code in in varcomp, also in tdlib.
[4]E.B. Rudnyi, D.W. Bonnell, D.W.
Hastie.
Vaporization thermodynamics of KCl. Combined processing of total
vapor pressure and evaporation rates.
Vestn. Mosk. Univ., ser. Khimiya, 35, 291-308 (1994) (in Russian). Moscow
Univ. Chem. Bul., 1994, N 2 (English transl).
Preprint or
reprint in Russian, see also the next paper in English, data and code in
kcl, also in varcomp.
[5]E.B. Rudnyi, D.W. Bonnell, D.W.
Hastie.
Vaporization thermodynamics of KCl. Combining vapor pressure and
gravimetrics data.
Unpublished
manuscript, 1998. This is an updated version of the previous paper, data
and code in kcl, also in varcomp.
[6]E. B. Rudnyi.
Thermodynamic assessment of the Ba-Cu system.
Zh. Fiz. Khim. 1996, v. 70, N 6, p. 986-990 (in Russian). Russ. J. Phys.
Chem. (English transl.), 1996, v. 70, N 6.
Preprint or reprint in Russian, data and code in varcomp and in tdlib.
[7]E. B. Rudnyi.
Thermodynamic assessment of the Cu-Y system.
Zh. Fiz. Khim. 1996, v. 70, N 6, p. 1007-1011 (in Russian). Russ. J. Phys.
Chem. (English transl.), 1996, v. 70, N 6.
Preprint or
reprint in
Russian, data and code in varcomp.
[8]V. V. Kuzmenko, I. A. Uspenskaya, E.
B. Rudnyi.
Simultaneous assessment of calcium aluminates.
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg. 1997, v. 106, N5, p. 235-243.
Preprint, data and code in varcomp.
[9]E. B. Rudnyi, V. V. Kuzmenko, G. V.
Voronin.
Simultaneous assessment of the
YBa2Cu3O6+z thermodynamics under the linear
error model.
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, v. 27, N 5, p. 855-888.
Preprint, final paper at AIP,
data and code in varcomp.